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Related Experiment Videos

Clinical influences on bone cement monomer release.

S C Bayne, E P Lautenschlager, E H Greener

    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
    |November 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Monomer loss from self-curing acrylic bone cements is influenced by mixing ratios and duration, not ambient temperature. Proper handling during mixing and setting minimizes patient monomer exposure.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Biomaterials Engineering
    • Polymer Chemistry

    Background:

    • Self-curing acrylic bone cements are widely used in orthopedic surgery.
    • Minimizing patient exposure to residual monomers is crucial for safety.
    • Understanding monomer loss dynamics is essential for optimizing cement handling and performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify monomer losses from two self-curing acrylic bone cements.
    • To investigate the impact of handling variables on monomer loss.
    • To identify optimal mixing and handling procedures to reduce patient monomer exposure.

    Main Methods:

    • Laboratory serial weighing experiments were conducted.
    • Monomer loss was measured across different intervals: mixing, setting, and molding.
    • The influence of powder-to-liquid (P/L) ratio, mixing duration, spatulation, and ambient temperature was evaluated.

    Main Results:

    • Monomer losses were similar between the two tested acrylic cements.
    • Powder-to-liquid ratio and mixing duration significantly affected monomer losses.
    • Greater monomer losses occurred during mixing and setting compared to molding.
    • The manufacturer's recommended P/L ratio resulted in the least monomer loss.
    • Overmixing beyond approximately 300 spatulations did not further reduce losses.

    Conclusions:

    • Adhering to recommended P/L ratios is critical for minimizing monomer loss.
    • Handling procedures during mixing and setting are key to reducing patient monomer exposure.
    • The clinical significance of reduced monomer exposure through modified handling requires further investigation.

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