Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 18, 2026

06:11
Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Published on: April 20, 2018
The therapeutic dilemma of carcinomas of unknown origin
Journal of Surgical Oncology
|January 1, 1977
Abstract:
The charts of 23 patients with metastatic carcinoma were reviewed retrospectively in hospitalized patients who had no apparent primary lesion. Eleven patients eventually had autopsies. The primary became apparent in 8 patients either pre- or post mortem. Treatment by operative intervention, and/or radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy are discussed. The discussion reviews mechanisms of metastasis, problems in pathological interpretation, and considerations for evaluation of such patients.
Related Concept Videos
Cancer
Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...

![Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate (DMBA-TPA)](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F60445.jpg&w=3840&q=50)