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The respiratory tract and the environment.

J D Brain

    Environmental Health Perspectives
    |October 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Environmental factors are primary causes of pulmonary disease. Inhaled pollutants like allergens and gases pose risks due to the delicate air-blood barrier, necessitating further research into protective physiological mechanisms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • The air-blood barrier's delicate structure, essential for gas exchange, also compromises lung defense against inhaled environmental hazards.
    • Adults inhale significant volumes of air daily, exposing them to potentially harmful particles and gases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the critical role of environmental factors in the initiation and exacerbation of pulmonary diseases.
    • To underscore the need for continued research into the physiological mechanisms protecting the lungs from inhaled contaminants.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on environmental determinants of lung disease.
    • Analysis of the physiological implications of air pollution on the respiratory system.

    Main Results:

    • Environmental factors are identified as key contributors to pulmonary disease development and progression.
    • The thinness of the air-blood barrier facilitates rapid gas exchange but also allows entry of allergens, carcinogens, and pathogens.
    • Daily inhalation of large air volumes introduces hazardous particles and gases into the lungs.

    Conclusions:

    • Most pulmonary diseases are linked to or worsened by inhaled particles and gases.
    • Continued research and support are crucial for understanding and mitigating the impact of environmental factors on respiratory health.

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