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Histologic fixatives suitable for diagnostic light and electron microscopy.

E M McDowell, B F Trump

    Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
    |August 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    A new formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde fixative blend offers excellent tissue preservation for both routine histology and electron microscopy. This optimized solution ensures satisfactory results for special stains and long-term storage.

    Area of Science:

    • Histology and Electron Microscopy
    • Biochemical Fixation Techniques

    Background:

    • Traditional fixatives like formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde have limitations for combined light and electron microscopy.
    • Optimizing fixative composition is crucial for preserving tissue morphology and ultrastructure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, and their combinations as tissue fixatives.
    • To identify an optimal fixative for routine histology and subsequent electron microscopy.
    • To evaluate fixative stability and compatibility with special stains.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of formaldehyde, formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde combinations, and glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffers.
    • Assessment of tissue preservation for routine automated histologic processing.

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  • Evaluation of suitability for electron microscopy after prolonged room temperature storage.
  • Performance testing of special stains at the light microscopic level.

    • Main Results:

    • A recommended fixative: 4% formaldehyde and 1% glutaraldehyde in a 176 mOsm/liter buffer.
    • Optimal tissue section thickness is 3 mm; electron microscopy samples from the exterior.
    • Satisfactory results for all tested special stains.
    • Fixative stability for at least three months at 4°C.
    • Preservation of glutaraldehyde's cross-linking while minimizing PAS reaction obscuration.

    Conclusions:

    • The recommended formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative provides excellent preservation for both routine histology and electron microscopy.
    • This optimized fixative offers a versatile solution for laboratories requiring dual-purpose tissue processing.
    • The formulation balances superior cross-linking with minimal interference in histochemical reactions.