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Chromosome stability in CHO cells.

R G Worton, C C Ho, C Duff

    Somatic Cell Genetics
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells exhibit a stable karyotype, crucial for genetic studies. However, tetraploid variants show significant chromosomal variation, impacting genetic research.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Genetics
    • Cytogenetics

    Background:

    • Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are a widely used model system in genetic research.
    • Understanding chromosomal variation in CHO cells is essential for interpreting genetic variability.
    • The karyotype stability of established cell lines directly impacts experimental reproducibility.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the extent of chromosomal variation in the established Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line.
    • To assess the contribution of chromosome variability to genetic variability in CHO cells.
    • To characterize karyotype stability in both diploid and tetraploid CHO cell variants.

    Main Methods:

    • Karyotyping of quasidiploid and quasitetraploid CHO cells.
    • Analysis of banded karyotypes to identify chromosomal rearrangements and marker chromosomes.

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  • Comparison of karyotypes across uncloned cells, independent clones, and mutant cell lines.
  • Induction of tetraploid cells via spontaneous or Sendai virus-mediated fusion.

    • Main Results:

    • Quasidiploid CHO cells possess a stable, albeit altered, karyotype compared to the original Chinese hamster.
    • Most of the genome in quasidiploid CHO cells is accounted for by rearranged marker chromosomes.
    • While generally stable, some independent clones and derived mutant cell lines showed variations from the basic karyotype.
    • Quasitetraploid CHO cells exhibited substantial chromosomal instability, including aneuploidy and new marker chromosomes.

    Conclusions:

    • The quasidiploid CHO cell line demonstrates remarkable karyotype stability, supporting its use in genetic studies.
    • Chromosomal rearrangements in CHO cells are largely stable, but variations can arise in clones and mutants.
    • Induced tetraploidy significantly increases chromosomal instability in CHO cells, highlighting the impact of ploidy on genome integrity.