Insect hormones: alpha ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone in bracken fern

The two major molting hormones of insects, alpha ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone, were isolated in crystalline form from dry pinnae of the bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn. Three unidentified substances with molting hormone activity were also detected. Bracken is the first plant found to contain both of the major insect ecdysones, and it is the first known plant source of alpha ecdysone.