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Related Experiment Videos

Diaphragm function and lung involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus.

C J Gibson, J P Edmonds, G R Hughes

    The American Journal of Medicine
    |December 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently causes lung function abnormalities, often undetected by symptoms or imaging. Diaphragm dysfunction, not lung fibrosis, is a likely cause of reduced lung volumes in SLE patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Rheumatology
    • Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

    Background:

    • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can affect multiple organs, including the lungs.
    • Respiratory symptoms are not always present in SLE patients with lung involvement.
    • Pulmonary function abnormalities in SLE may be subtle and not detected by clinical assessment or radiography.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess lung involvement in patients with SLE, irrespective of respiratory symptoms.
    • To investigate the relationship between pulmonary function abnormalities and disease activity in SLE.
    • To explore the underlying causes of reduced lung volumes in SLE.

    Main Methods:

    • Evaluated 30 consecutive SLE patients not selected for respiratory symptoms.

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  • Performed pulmonary function tests, including single breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity and total lung capacity.
  • Assessed static pressure-volume curves, maximum respiratory pressures, and diaphragm function in a subset of patients.

    • Main Results:

    • 80% of patients showed reduced single breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity; 43% had reduced total lung capacity.
    • Pulmonary function abnormalities were more frequent than clinical or radiographic findings.
    • Extrapulmonary volume restriction and abnormal diaphragm function were identified in patients with the smallest lung volumes.

    Conclusions:

    • Lung function abnormalities are common in SLE, even without respiratory symptoms.
    • Diaphragm dysfunction, potentially due to weakness or immobility, is a significant factor in reduced lung volumes in SLE.
    • The "shrinking lungs" syndrome in SLE may result from diaphragmatic pathology rather than primary intrapulmonary disease.