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Forebrain in human anencephaly.

B D Chaurasia

    Anatomischer Anzeiger
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Anencephaly in human fetuses results from a neural tube defect at the head

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental biology
    • Neuroscience
    • Human embryology

    Background:

    • Anencephaly is a severe congenital disorder characterized by the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp.
    • The exact cause of anencephaly is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors.
    • Previous research has focused on the failure of neural tube closure, but the precise initiating event remains debated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the primary site of disturbance leading to anencephaly.
    • To correlate structural findings in human anencephalics with potential weaknesses in early fetal development.
    • To elucidate the developmental origins of anencephaly.

    Main Methods:

    • Gross and microscopic examination of twelve human anencephalic specimens.

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  • Detailed analysis of the forebrain, associated structures, and cranial defects.
  • Comparative assessment of the diencephalic roof and overlying tissues.

    • Main Results:

    • All specimens exhibited forebrain development, indicating cephalic neural tube closure.
    • A median dorsal opening posterior to the forebrain contained choroid plexus, pineal tissue, and rudimentary pallium.
    • This opening, located in the posterior diencephalic roof, showed intimate relation to sphenooccipital junction convexity and led to ventricular cavities, suggesting it as the primary site of disturbance.
    • Diencephalic roof weakness, evidenced by epithelial nature and ballooning in related conditions, corresponds to fetal sagittal fontanelle and parietooccipital defects.

    Conclusions:

    • Anencephaly originates from a disturbance in the posterior roof of the diencephalon.
    • This primary defect is associated with inherent weaknesses in the diencephalic roof and overlying fetal tissues.
    • Understanding these developmental origins can inform future research into prevention and management strategies.