Biological response modifiers: preclinical evaluation and clinical activity

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Oncology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Biological response modifiers (BRMs) are agents that modulate the host immune response against tumors.
• These include interferons, lymphokines, tumor antigens, and antibodies, often derived from the human genome.
• Advances in genetic engineering and monoclonal antibody technology allow for the production of highly purified BRMs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To discuss the development of biological response modifiers for cancer therapy.
• To highlight the role of preclinical models in predicting clinical efficacy.
• To review early clinical results and ongoing Phase II studies of BRMs.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing genetic engineering and monoclonal antibody technology for BRM production.
• Employing preclinical models to assess the activity of BRMs.
• Conducting clinical trials, including Phase II studies, to evaluate efficacy in patients.

Main Results:

• Highly purified interferons and monoclonal antibodies show potential for tumor-specific therapy.
• BRMs, alone or conjugated to toxins, are progressing towards clinical application.
• Early clinical data suggest responses in patients with detectable disease.

Conclusions:

• Biological response modifiers represent a significant advancement in anticancer strategies.
• Continued development and testing are crucial for optimizing BRM therapy.
• The potential for effective, targeted cancer treatment with BRMs is increasingly evident.