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Growth of measles and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis viruses in human neural cell lines
Abstract:
Growth of cell-free subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) virus was compared with that of measles virus in three human neural cell lines; neuroblastoma, oligodendroglioma, and glioblastoma. The Edmonston strain of measles virus replicated in these neural cells as efficiently as in Vero cells. In contrast, the growth of the Mantooth strain of SSPE virus was suppressed moderately in neuroblastoma cells and markedly in oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma cells in spite of the induction of apparent cytopathic effects in these cells. Virus adsorption, defective interfering particles, interferon, and temperature sensitivity were not responsible for this low yield of SSPE virus in neural cell lines. Synthesis of viral proteins of SSPE virus was slower than that of measles virus in oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma cells. These results suggest that the slow rate of synthesis of viral proteins may be relevant to the low yield of SSPE virus in neural cells.
Insights
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) virus shows suppressed growth in human neural cell lines compared to measles virus. Slower viral protein synthesis in SSPE virus may explain its reduced yield in these cells.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a severe neurological complication of measles virus infection.
- Understanding the replication dynamics of SSPE virus in neural cells is crucial for disease pathogenesis research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the replication efficiency of cell-free SSPE virus and measles virus in human neural cell lines.
- To investigate the factors contributing to the differential growth patterns of these viruses in neural cells.
Main Methods:
- Culturing measles virus (Edmonston strain) and SSPE virus (Mantooth strain) in human neuroblastoma, oligodendroglioma, and glioblastoma cell lines.
- Assessing viral growth, cytopathic effects, and viral protein synthesis rates.
- Investigating potential inhibitory factors such as virus adsorption, defective interfering particles, interferon, and temperature sensitivity.
Main Results:
- Measles virus replicated efficiently in all tested neural cell lines.
- SSPE virus growth was moderately suppressed in neuroblastoma cells and markedly suppressed in oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma cells, despite observable cytopathic effects.
- Slower synthesis of SSPE viral proteins was observed in oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma cells compared to measles virus.
Conclusions:
- The reduced yield of SSPE virus in human neural cell lines is not attributable to adsorption, defective interfering particles, interferon, or temperature sensitivity.
- The rate of viral protein synthesis appears to be a key factor limiting SSPE virus replication in neural cells.
- These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying SSPE pathogenesis.