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Related Experiment Videos

Late immune responses in experimental maedi.

L Sihvonen

    Veterinary Microbiology
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Maedi-visna virus infection in sheep can elicit variable immune responses. Respiratory infection typically induces antibodies and cell-mediated immunity, while intra-cerebral infection may not, highlighting distinct host-pathogen interactions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Virology
    • Immunology
    • Sheep Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Maedi-visna virus (MVV) is a lentivirus affecting small ruminants, causing chronic respiratory and neurological diseases.
    • Understanding the host immune response to MVV is crucial for disease control and prevention strategies in sheep farming.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the immune responses and virological events following experimental maedi-visna virus inoculation in sheep.
    • To compare immune responses induced by different inoculation routes (respiratory vs. intra-cerebral) and assess transmission in contact sheep.

    Main Methods:

    • Thirteen sheep were inoculated with MVV via respiratory or intra-cerebral routes.
    • Seven uninoculated sheep served as contact controls.
    • Immune responses (complement fixation, serum neutralization, cell-mediated immunity) and virus isolation from peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) were monitored for up to 3 years.

    Main Results:

    • Intra-cerebral inoculation resulted in no antibody response in 3 out of 7 sheep.
    • Respiratory route inoculation and hyperimmunization induced persistent complement fixing (CF) and serum neutralising (SN) antibodies.
    • Transient, late, virus-specific cell-mediated responses and intermittent virus isolation from PBL were observed in inoculated sheep; virus was also isolated from PBL of 2 contact sheep.

    Conclusions:

    • The route of maedi-visna virus infection significantly influences the development of humoral immune responses (antibody production).
    • Cell-mediated immunity can be detected late in infection, even with intermittent virus shedding from PBL.
    • Transmission to contact sheep occurred, with detectable cell-mediated responses but no antibody development in controls.

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