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Related Experiment Videos

Metkephamid-induced Flehmen in lambs.

Y Donchin, G W De Vane, D Caton

    Physiology & Behavior
    |August 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Newborn lambs exhibit Flehmen behavior when given metkephamid, a methionine enkephalin analog. This response, blocked by naloxone, suggests a role for endogenous opioid peptides in this mating-related grimace.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Animal Behavior
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Flehmen response is a characteristic grimace in mature ungulates, typically observed during mating.
    • The neurobiological underpinnings of the Flehmen response are not fully understood.
    • Opioid peptides are known to modulate various behaviors, including those related to reproduction and social interaction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the potential role of endogenous opioid peptides in the Flehmen response.
    • To determine if exogenous administration of a methionine enkephalin analog can elicit Flehmen behavior in young animals.
    • To explore the involvement of opioid receptors in mediating this behavior.

    Main Methods:

    • Intracisternal administration of metkephamid (a methionine enkephalin analog) to prepubescent lambs.
    • Observation and recording of behavioral patterns, including Flehmen response, bradycardia, apnea, and somnolence.
    • Administration of naloxone, a specific opioid antagonist, as a pretreatment to assess its effect on metkephamid-induced behaviors.

    Main Results:

    • Metkephamid administration induced a Flehmen-like behavioral pattern in both male and female prepubescent lambs.
    • The induced Flehmen response was preceded by transient bradycardia and apnea, followed by a period of somnolence.
    • Pretreatment with naloxone completely blocked the metkephamid-induced Flehmen behavior, indicating an opioid-mediated mechanism.

    Conclusions:

    • Endogenous opioid peptides, specifically those acting through methionine enkephalin pathways, are implicated in the induction of Flehmen-like behavior.
    • Opioid receptors play a significant role in mediating the Flehmen response, even in very young animals.
    • This study provides novel insights into the neurochemical basis of a complex social behavior in ungulates.

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