Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Bladder Smooth Muscle Strip Contractility as a Method to Evaluate Lower Urinary Tract Pharmacology
10:26

Bladder Smooth Muscle Strip Contractility as a Method to Evaluate Lower Urinary Tract Pharmacology

Published on: August 18, 2014

Atropine inhibits meal-stimulated release of cholecystokinin

P N Maton, A C Selden, V S Chadwick

    Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology
    |September 1, 1984
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Sodium Taurocholate Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis in C57BL/6 Mice06:35

    Sodium Taurocholate Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis in C57BL/6 Mice

    Published on: June 28, 2021

    Establishment of a Mouse Severe Acute Pancreatitis Model using Retrograde Injection of Sodium Taurocholate into the Biliopancreatic Duct07:10

    Establishment of a Mouse Severe Acute Pancreatitis Model using Retrograde Injection of Sodium Taurocholate into the Biliopancreatic Duct

    Published on: April 1, 2022

    Related Concept Videos

    Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:22

    Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

    Cholinergic agonists or cholinomimetics mimic the action of acetylcholine to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system. They are categorized into direct-acting and indirect-acting agents. The direct-acting cholinergic drugs induce the parasympathetic response by directly binding to the muscarinic or nicotine receptors. In comparison, the indirect-acting cholinergic drugs prevent acetylcholine hydrolysis, indirectly contributing to the extended parasympathetic response.
    The direct-acting...
    Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:29

    Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

    Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists are agents that interact with the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in the synaptic cleft, preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine into choline and acetate. Consequently, the concentration of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft increases. These agonists can be classified into reversible and irreversible inhibitors based on their duration of action.
    Reversible inhibitors display short to medium durations of action. Short-acting agents include simple alcohols with...
    Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action01:18

    Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action

    Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists work by interacting with an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the synaptic cleft. They can be reversible or irreversible inhibitors and have different effects on the enzyme.
    Reversible inhibitors like edrophonium bind to a specific part of the enzyme called the anionic catalytic site. They form noncovalent bonds, which means they are not strongly attached to the enzyme. This creates a temporary and less stable enzyme–inhibitor complex, leading to...
    Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions01:30

    Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions

    Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists, also known as anticholinesterases, exert their pharmacological effects by enhancing cholinergic transmission in various body parts, including the neuromuscular junction, autonomic cholinergic synapses, and the brain.
    At the neuromuscular junction, these agents work by inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine, allowing it to remain bound to the receptor and bind to nearby receptors. This process leads to repetitive firing of the endplate, causing muscle...
    Cholinergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:29

    Cholinergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

    Cholinergic antagonists bind to cholinergic receptors and limit the effects of acetylcholine and other cholinergic agonists. Based on the specific cholinergic receptor affinity, these antagonists are classified as muscarinic or nicotinic. Anticholinergics interrupt parasympathetic innervations while sympathetic innervations remain uninterrupted. Muscarinic antagonists are also called 'muscarinic antagonists', 'antimuscarinics', or 'parasympatholytics'. Nicotinic antagonists are called...
    Intestinal Phase of Digestion01:29

    Intestinal Phase of Digestion

    The intestinal phase of digestion is the third and final stage of the digestive process, occurring after the cephalic and gastric phases. It begins when chyme, a partially digested mixture of food and digestive enzymes, enters the small intestine from the stomach. This phase is crucial for nutrient absorption and involves complex hormonal and enzymatic interactions.
    The arrival of the chyme in the small intestine distends the duodenum, which triggers the enterogastric reflex. This distension...