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Rotavirus in pediatric diarrhoea at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
Insights
Rotavirus was detected in 29% of young children with diarrhea in Thailand. This study highlights rotavirus
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Pediatrics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Rotavirus is a significant cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children globally.
- Understanding the prevalence and serological response to rotavirus is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of rotavirus in pediatric patients with acute diarrhea.
- To investigate the role of rotavirus in household contacts of infected children.
- To assess the serological response and seroconversion rates in rotavirus-infected individuals.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 248 pediatric patients (1 month to 5 years) and 413 household contacts.
- Rotavirus detection using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
- Serological response and seroconversion assessed by ELISA and ELISA blocking tests.
Main Results:
- Rotavirus was identified in 29% of pediatric diarrhea cases.
- Rotavirus was detected in 2% of household contacts, with 6 developing diarrhea.
- High serological response (81%) but lower seroconversion rate (29.6%) observed in rotavirus diarrhea cases.
Conclusions:
- Rotavirus plays a significant role in acute diarrhea among young children in Thailand.
- The findings support the need for rotavirus diagnosis and management guidelines.
- Consideration of rotavirus immunization is recommended upon vaccine availability.
Abstract:
Between June 1982 and May 1983, rotavirus was found in 29% of 248 pediatric patients between 1 month to 5 years of age at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Among 413 household contacts, RV was detected in 9 (2%) of whom 6 developed diarrhoea. RV was not found in age-matched healthy controls. In a serological study, the serological response was 81% in rotavirus diarrhoea cases (17 out of 21) by ELISA. By the ELISA blocking test, the seroconversion rate was only 29.6% in rotavirus diarrhoea cases (8 out of 27) and in others, 2 out of 71 cases (2.6%) who also showed serological response did not have rotavirus in their stools. This study indicates role of rotavirus in causing acute diarrhoea in young children, suggests a guideline for diagnosis and management of the patients. The rotavirus immunization should be considered if the vaccine becomes available in the near future.