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Plasma lipoproteins: apolipoprotein structure and function.

R W Mahley, T L Innerarity, S C Rall

    Journal of Lipid Research
    |December 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Apolipoproteins regulate plasma lipoprotein metabolism by transporting lipids, acting as enzyme cofactors, and maintaining particle structure. Understanding their structure-function relationships is key to metabolic research.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Plasma lipoprotein metabolism is crucial for lipid transport and is regulated by specific apolipoproteins.
    • Major apolipoproteins (apoE, apoB, apoA-I, etc.) play vital roles in lipid redistribution, enzyme cofactor activity, and lipoprotein structure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the structure-function relationships of apolipoproteins in regulating plasma lipoprotein metabolism.
    • To explore the role of genetically determined apolipoprotein variants in metabolic disorders.

    Main Methods:

    • Chemical modification, synthetic peptides, and monoclonal antibodies are used to map functional domains.
    • Identification of genetic variants associated with lipoprotein metabolism disorders.
    • Recombinant DNA technology and site-specific mutagenesis are proposed for future studies.

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    Main Results:

    • The primary structures of most apolipoproteins are known.
    • Functional domains of apolipoproteins are being actively mapped.
    • Genetic variants provide insights into apolipoprotein function and metabolic disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Apolipoproteins are central regulators of lipoprotein metabolism.
    • Structure-function relationships are increasingly understood through various experimental approaches.
    • Future research using advanced molecular techniques will further clarify apolipoprotein roles in health and disease.