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HTLV and immunosuppression.

M Essex, P Kanki, J Allan

    Princess Takamatsu Symposia
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study investigated human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) antibodies in patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and AIDS. Findings link HTLV-I to ATLL and suggest HTLV-III is prevalent in AIDS patients, highlighting HTLV

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) family members are increasingly linked to diseases.
    • HTLV-I is suspected in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL).
    • HTLV-III is implicated in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To screen patient and control sera for antibodies against HTLV-I and HTLV-III.
    • To investigate the relationship between HTLV-I and ATLL.
    • To examine HTLV antibody prevalence in hemophiliacs and AIDS patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Indirect membrane immunofluorescence (IMI) for HTLV-specific cell membrane antigens.
    • Radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) with SDS-PAGE for antibodies to specific HTLV-encoded proteins.

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  • Screening of sera from ATLL patients, healthy individuals, severe infection patients, hemophiliacs, and AIDS patients.

    • Main Results:

    • Nearly all Japanese ATLL patients had antibodies to HTLV-I-MA.
    • HTLV-I antibodies were found in 16% of healthy endemic adults and 42% of hospitalized patients.
    • 95-100% of AIDS patients had antibodies to HTLV-III; 38-75% had antibodies to HTLV-I proteins.

    Conclusions:

    • Strong evidence supports HTLV-I's role in ATLL.
    • HTLV-I infection may cause mild immunosuppression.
    • HTLV-III is highly prevalent in AIDS patients and asymptomatic hemophiliacs.