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[The vertically transmitted hepatitis B (author's transl)].

R Joosten, D Feist, A Tekook

    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde : Organ Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Kinderheilkunde
    |August 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hepatitis B can transmit vertically from mothers to infants, even if the mother has chronic infection. Early screening and prophylactic treatment are crucial for preventing infant hepatitis B transmission.

    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Virology
    • Immunology

    Context:

    • Vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) during infancy is a significant global health concern.
    • While acute maternal infection during pregnancy is a known risk factor, chronic asymptomatic carriage also contributes to vertical transmission.
    • This study examines cases of proven vertical HBV transmission, highlighting risks associated with chronic HBsAg-positive mothers.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the modes and outcomes of vertically transmitted hepatitis B in infants.
    • To emphasize the significance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening in pregnant women.
    • To underscore the importance of prophylactic interventions for infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers.

    Summary:

    • The study details 9 cases of confirmed vertical hepatitis B transmission, with 2 resulting in fatal outcomes.

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  • Five of these cases involved infants born to mothers with chronic, asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity.
  • Findings reinforce that vertical transmission is not solely linked to acute maternal hepatitis B during pregnancy.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the critical need for universal HBsAg screening during pregnancy to identify at-risk mothers.
    • Stresses the importance of administering hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B vaccine to infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers.
    • Aims to reduce the incidence of infant hepatitis B infection and its long-term sequelae, including chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.