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Somatostatin and diabetes.

J E Gerich

    The American Journal of Medicine
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Somatostatin, a peptide hormone, regulates growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon. Its role in pancreatic D cells suggests involvement in diabetes pathogenesis and potential therapeutic applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Somatostatin, a tetradecapeptide, was initially identified for its growth hormone inhibitory properties.
    • It is widely distributed in endocrine and gastrointestinal tissues, exhibiting diverse physiological actions.
    • Its presence in pancreatic islet D cells suggests a role in regulating insulin and glucagon secretion.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of somatostatin in regulating pancreatic hormone secretion.
    • To explore the involvement of somatostatin in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.
    • To assess the potential therapeutic applications of somatostatin in managing diabetes.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on somatostatin's distribution and function.
    • Analysis of studies on experimentally-induced and spontaneous animal models of diabetes.
    • Examination of clinical studies investigating somatostatin's physiological effects and therapeutic potential.

    Main Results:

    • Somatostatin inhibits the secretion of growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
    • Alterations in D-cell function are observed in animal models of diabetes, implicating somatostatin.
    • Clinical studies provide insights into the physiological roles of somatostatin and its potential in diabetes treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Somatostatin acts as a local regulator of insulin and glucagon secretion within the pancreatic islets.
    • The peptide is potentially involved in the development of diabetes.
    • Somatostatin holds promise as a therapeutic agent for managing diabetes in humans.

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