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The role of ionic currents in establishing developmental pattern.

L F Jaffe

    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
    |October 7, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Endogenous ionic currents drive pattern formation and restoration in biological development. Evidence shows these currents, generated by ion pumps and leaks, guide growth and polarity, particularly during regeneration.

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental biology
    • Cell biology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Cell membranes possess ion pumps and leaks, creating potential for endogenous ionic currents.
    • These currents are hypothesized to play a role in establishing and restoring biological patterns during development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the theory of pattern establishment and restoration mediated by endogenous ionic currents.
    • To examine the factual evidence supporting the role of ionic currents in biological development and regeneration.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature and experimental evidence.
    • Analysis of studies on ion transport, membrane potentials, and cell polarity.
    • Examination of developmental processes in various organisms (e.g., Cecropia follicles, amphibian limbs).

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    Main Results:

    • Developmental ionic currents are widespread and can generate significant voltage gradients.
    • Artificial electric fields mimic effects of natural currents on macromolecules and cell growth.
    • Direct evidence links ion currents to the direction and progression of development and regeneration.

    Conclusions:

    • Endogenous ionic currents are a fundamental mechanism for pattern establishment and restoration in development.
    • Ionic currents play a crucial role in processes like epimorphic regeneration and cell polarity determination.
    • The theory provides a framework for understanding developmental phenomena, including thyroid cell polarity reversal.