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Absorption, transport and tissue storage of essential trace elements.

I Bremner, C F Mills

    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
    |August 14, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Trace element absorption in the gut involves complex, carrier-mediated processes influenced by various factors. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for accurate nutritional requirement assessments in humans and animals.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutritional Biochemistry
    • Gastroenterology
    • Trace Element Metabolism

    Background:

    • Intestinal absorption of essential trace elements relies on saturable, carrier-mediated processes.
    • Absorption efficiency is modulated by physiological, nutritional, and genetic factors.
    • The role of luminal ligands and enterocyte proteins like metallothionein in trace element fate is significant.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the factors influencing intestinal trace element absorption.
    • To examine the impact of nutrient deficiencies on absorption pathways.
    • To discuss the complexities of trace element transport and storage.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on trace element absorption.
    • Analysis of the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors on absorption efficiency.

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  • Consideration of the role of specific proteins and deficiencies in nutrient metabolism.

    • Main Results:

    • Trace element absorption is highly regulated and influenced by molecular interactions within the intestinal lumen.
    • Copper and zinc deficiencies alter intestinal metabolism, affecting the absorption of other nutrients.
    • Conflicting data exists regarding the roles of plasma proteins in zinc and copper transport.
    • Trace element storage and utilization vary significantly across species and physiological states.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate estimation of trace element requirements necessitates a comprehensive understanding of absorption, transport, and storage mechanisms.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise roles of various factors, including genetic variables and physiological conditions, in trace element homeostasis.