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Related Experiment Videos

Cortisone-induced cleft palate in the brachymorphic mouse.

R M Pratt, D S Salomon, V M Diewert

    Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    The brachymorphic (bm/bm) mouse shows increased susceptibility to cortisone-induced cleft palate (CP) due to delayed palatal development and elevated cyclic AMP. This genetic mutation impacts limb growth and cartilage sulfation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Genetics
    • Teratology

    Background:

    • The brachymorphic (bm/bm) mouse model exhibits reduced limb growth and cartilage proteoglycan sulfation.
    • Cortisone administration is a known teratogen that can induce cleft palate (CP).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying cortisone-induced cleft palate (CP) in the brachymorphic (bm/bm) mouse model.
    • To compare the susceptibility to CP in bm/bm mice with other strains like C57BL/6J (C57) and A/J.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered hydrocortisone to pregnant mice on gestational days 11-14.
    • Utilized morphometric analysis to assess palatal elevation timing.
    • Quantified cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptor protein and cyclic AMP levels in palatal tissues.

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    Main Results:

    • bm/bm mice exhibited a significantly higher incidence of CP (95%) compared to C57 mice (20%) after hydrocortisone exposure.
    • Palatal shelf elevation was delayed in bm/bm mice, irrespective of hydrocortisone treatment.
    • bm/bm mice displayed elevated cyclic AMP levels in palatal tissue, unlike A/J mice which showed increased steroid receptors.

    Conclusions:

    • Delayed palatal rotation and elevated cyclic AMP are predisposing factors for cortisone-induced cleft palate in bm/bm mice.
    • Genetic background significantly influences susceptibility to teratogen-induced CP.
    • Distinct molecular differences exist between bm/bm, C57, and A/J strains regarding steroid receptor and cyclic AMP levels in palatal development.