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Germ cell-specific decrease of acrosomal proteolytic activity, sperm motility, and number in mitomycin C-treated

G Ficsor, N M Salama, K K Block

    Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Mitomycin C exposure significantly reduced sperm count, motility, and acrosomal activity in mice, particularly affecting sperm derived from spermatogonial cells. These changes suggest potential antifertility effects and utility in detecting harmful chemicals.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Toxicology
    • Sperm Biology
    • Chemical Mutagenesis

    Background:

    • Mammalian sperm parameters like acrosomal proteolytic activity, motility, and count are crucial indicators.
    • These parameters can be used to detect mutagens, carcinogens, developmental toxicants, and antifertility agents.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the impact of mitomycin C (MC) on sperm count, motility, and acrosomal proteolytic activity in mice.
    • To investigate which sperm cell developmental stages are most sensitive to MC-induced damage.
    • To explore the potential of these sperm phenotypes as biomarkers for antifertility effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of mitomycin C (5 mg/kg) or saline.
    • Sperm were collected at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 weeks post-injection.

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  • Sperm parameters (count, motility, acrosomal proteolytic activity) were analyzed from various developmental stages.

    • Main Results:

    • Mitomycin C significantly decreased sperm count, motility, and acrosomal proteolytic activity in sperm derived from preleptotene or spermatogonial cells.
    • Sperm derived from spermatogonial stem cells also showed decreased acrosomal proteolytic activity.
    • Sperm derived from spermatozoa and spermatids showed no significant decrease in these parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • Mitomycin C exposure induces sperm dysfunction, primarily impacting sperm originating from spermatogonial cells, suggesting mutational or developmental effects.
    • The observed changes in sperm count and acrosomal proteolytic activity may serve as indicators for chemicals with antifertility properties.