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Related Concept Videos

Functions of Smooth Muscles01:23

Functions of Smooth Muscles

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Smooth muscles are an important type of muscle tissue that plays a vital role in the involuntary movements of internal organs. For example, they help regulate the movement of food through the gut and the flow of blood through the circulatory system.
Function of visceral smooth muscles
Visceral smooth muscle is found in the walls of all hollow organs, except the heart, and is a key player in the involuntary movements that drive the functioning of these internal organs. This tissue is arranged in...
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Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity01:11

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The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
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Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Gastric Motility01:16

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Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
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Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

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This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
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Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation
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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation

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Interdigestive motor activity in patients with systemic sclerosis.

W D Rees, R J Leigh, N D Christofides

    Gastroenterology
    |September 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Systemic sclerosis patients with intestinal disease show reduced small bowel motility and altered hormone levels. This may explain intestinal stasis and bacterial overgrowth in scleroderma patients.

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 5, 2026

    Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation
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    Spatiotemporal Mapping of Motility in Ex Vivo Preparations of the Intestines
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    Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Endocrinology
    • Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

    Background:

    • Systemic sclerosis can affect gastrointestinal motility.
    • Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is a common complication.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate fasting motor activity in the antrum, duodenum, and jejunum.
    • To measure plasma motilin and pancreatic polypeptide levels.
    • To correlate motor activity with hormonal changes in systemic sclerosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 14 patients with systemic sclerosis (with and without intestinal involvement) and 8 healthy controls.
    • Measured fasting antral, duodenal, and jejunal motor activity.
    • Assessed plasma motilin and pancreatic polypeptide concentrations during interdigestive cycles.

    Main Results:

    • Patients with intestinal involvement had significantly reduced motility indices in the antrum, duodenum, and jejunum.
    • Cyclic motor activity was absent in some patients with intestinal disease.
    • Fasting plasma motilin levels were significantly higher in all systemic sclerosis patients compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Abnormal small bowel motor activity in systemic sclerosis may lead to intestinal stasis and bacterial overgrowth.
    • Altered motilin levels might contribute to dysmotility in systemic sclerosis.
    • These findings suggest a mechanism for gastrointestinal complications in scleroderma.