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Antihistamines and visual function: studies on dynamic acuity and the pupillary response to light
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|November 1, 1982
Summary
Astemizole and terfenadine did not impair visual acuity or cognitive function, unlike triprolidine. These findings suggest astemizole and terfenadine are safer antihistamines for individuals performing skilled activities.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Ophthalmology
- Cognitive Neuroscience
Background:
- Antihistamines are commonly used for allergic conditions.
- Some antihistamines can cause side effects impacting cognitive and visual functions.
- Evaluating the safety of newer antihistamines for daily activities is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effects of triprolidine, astemizole, and terfenadine on visual and cognitive functions.
- To assess the impact of these antihistamines on dynamic visual acuity, pupillary response, and critical flicker fusion.
- To determine the suitability of these antihistamines for individuals engaged in skilled activities.
Main Methods:
- A double-blind study was conducted involving three antihistamines: triprolidine (sustained release, 10 mg), astemizole (10 mg), and terfenadine (60 mg).
- Effects were evaluated on dynamic visual acuity, pupillary light response, critical flicker fusion, digit symbol substitution, cancellation tests, and subjective mood.
- Measurements were taken at intervals from 0.5 to 4.0 hours post-ingestion.
Main Results:
- Triprolidine significantly impaired dynamic visual acuity and lowered the critical flicker fusion threshold.
- Astemizole and terfenadine did not demonstrate any significant effects on dynamic visual acuity or critical flicker fusion.
- No changes in pupil diameter or response to light were observed with any of the tested antihistamines.
- Performance on digit symbol substitution and cancellation tasks remained unaffected by all three antihistamines.
Conclusions:
- Astemizole and terfenadine show promise as antihistamines with minimal impact on visual and cognitive functions.
- These findings suggest that astemizole and terfenadine are suitable for individuals requiring high levels of alertness and performing skilled activities.
- Triprolidine, however, may impair performance in tasks requiring visual acuity and rapid processing.