Clomiphene treatment in male infertility

After the discovery that Clomiphene-citrate (Clomid) increased the secretion of gonadotropins, it was first used to induce ovulation and later on it was also used in males in certain cases of infertility. The effects of Clomid on the hypothalamic-pituitary level made it also possible to use it for a dynamic evaluation of the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis in both females and males. The results obtained with Clomid are reviewed. The results are widely divergent because of the fact that the selection of the patients, the dosage, and the length of the therapy are not always appropriate. However, the experience with Clomid appears to show sufficient effectiveness in oligozoospermic men, who have a low or normal FSH-level.