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Cancer epidemiology in the Philippines
National Cancer Institute Monograph
|December 1, 1977
Summary
Cancer incidence in the Philippines is similar to the US and Japan, but specific cancer types like oral cavity and breast cancer are more common. Education and smoking significantly impact cancer risk, highlighting needs for targeted cancer control.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Oncology
Background:
- Cancer registries are crucial for understanding disease patterns.
- Epidemiological studies provide insights into cancer distribution and determinants.
- Comparative cancer incidence data informs global health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze cancer incidence and trends in the Philippines.
- To compare cancer rates between the Philippines, the United States, and Japan.
- To identify demographic and lifestyle factors associated with cancer risk.
Main Methods:
- Epidemiologic analysis of 16,492 cancer cases from the Central Tumor Registry of the Philippines (1968-1973).
- Comparison of age-adjusted and age-specific incidence rates across countries.
- Investigation of associations between education, smoking, and cancer types.
Main Results:
- Overall cancer incidence rates were similar across the Philippines, US, and Japan.
- Lung and breast cancers were the most common in males and females, respectively.
- Higher frequencies of oral cavity, nasopharyngeal, liver, breast, and cervical cancers were observed in the Philippines.
- Increased education correlated with higher risks for lung, breast, and ovarian cancers.
- Smoking was significantly associated with lung, larynx, and oral cavity cancers.
Conclusions:
- While overall cancer rates are comparable, specific cancer profiles differ significantly.
- Education and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for various cancers in the Philippines.
- Findings underscore the need for targeted cancer prevention and control strategies tailored to local risk factors.