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Related Experiment Videos

Transglutaminase activity in pancreatic islets.

R Gomis, A Sener, F Malaisse-Lagae

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |November 8, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pancreatic islet transglutaminase activity, dependent on calcium ions (Ca2+), is crucial for glucose-induced insulin release. Inhibitors of this enzyme, like bacitracin and methylamine, reduce insulin secretion, highlighting its role in this vital physiological process.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Endocrinology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Pancreatic islets are key to glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion.
    • The precise molecular mechanisms regulating insulin release are complex and involve calcium-dependent processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of transglutaminase activity in pancreatic islets.
    • To determine the relationship between calcium-responsive transglutaminase and glucose-stimulated insulin release.

    Main Methods:

    • Enzymatic assays using radiolabeled amine donors and N,N-dimethylcasein.
    • Measurement of enzyme kinetics, including Km for Ca2+ and histamine.
    • Inhibition studies using various chemical agents.
    • Assessment of glucose-stimulated insulin release in the presence of enzyme inhibitors.

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    Main Results:

    • Pancreatic islet homogenates exhibited Ca2+-dependent incorporation of various amines into N,N-dimethylcasein.
    • The Michaelis constant (Km) for Ca2+ and histamine were determined to be 90 microM and 0.7 mM, respectively.
    • Inhibitors such as monodansylcadaverine, N-p-tosyl glycine, bacitracin, and methylamine affected histamine incorporation.
    • Bacitracin and methylamine demonstrated a dose-related inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin release.

    Conclusions:

    • Calcium-responsive transglutaminase activity is present in pancreatic islets.
    • This transglutaminase activity plays a critical role in the process of glucose-induced insulin release.