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Alpine skiing and acute beta-blockade.

J Karlsson, T Kjessel, P Kaiser

    International Journal of Sports Medicine
    |August 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Beta-blockers like propranolol and atenolol impair peak power in skiers. Propranolol reduced lactate formation during intense exercise, potentially increasing injury risk in alpine skiing.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Beta-adrenoceptor blockade influences athletic performance.
    • Understanding the effects of beta-blockers on skiing is crucial for athlete safety and performance optimization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of acute unselective (propranolol) and beta 1-selective (atenolol) beta-adrenoceptor blockade on alpine skiing performance.
    • To assess the metabolic and performance changes induced by these beta-blockers in both leisure and elite skiers.

    Main Methods:

    • Six leisure and seven elite skiers participated.
    • Beta-blockade was confirmed using a Wingate "all out" cycle ergometer test.
    • Performance and blood lactate levels were measured during skiing under various conditions.

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    Main Results:

    • Both propranolol and atenolol impaired peak power by 4%-6% in the Wingate test.
    • Propranolol, but not atenolol, reduced peak blood lactate post-Wingate test.
    • Leisure skiers showed increased blood lactate and unchanged perceived exertion during submaximal skiing.
    • Elite skiers exhibited prolonged performance times and reduced blood lactates with propranolol.

    Conclusions:

    • Propranolol may reduce lactate formation during intense exercise, potentially impairing explosive muscular exercise.
    • Beta-blockade, particularly propranolol, might increase injury risk in alpine skiing due to impaired performance and metabolism.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the risks and benefits of beta-blockers in alpine skiing.