Abstract:
A study of the literature showed that the GABA system is an important target of ethanol in the central nervous system, in part as a consequence of damage in membrane-bound enzymes and receptors. A single dose of ethanol initially activates the GABA system which is weakened after chronic administration because of overcompensation. Interest is focused on the GABA receptors because of the involvement of the minor tranquilizer drugs, benzodiazepines. The studies on the GABA system (metabolism, local concentrations, receptors) show great promise in the understanding and treatment of ethanol dependence and withdrawal.
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Physical Properties of Ethers
An ether molecule has a net dipole moment due to the polarity of C–O bonds. Subsequently, boiling points of ethers are lower than those of alcohols of comparable molecular weight and slightly higher than those of hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight (Table 1).
Ethers can act as hydrogen bond acceptors, making them more water-soluble than hydrocarbons, but since ethers cannot act as hydrogen bond donors, they are much less soluble in water than alcohols. Ethers are considered...
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Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
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In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
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CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
Production of Alcohol


