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Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) and their eradication.

B S Hetzel

    Lancet (London, England)
    |November 12, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Severe iodine deficiency impacts over 400 million people, causing developmental issues. Mass iodization through salt or oil can eradicate these iodine deficiency disorders within a decade.

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    Iodine deficiency: a global problem.

    The Medical journal of Australia·1996

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Endocrinology
    • Nutrition

    Background:

    • Severe iodine deficiency affects over 400 million people, particularly in Asia.
    • Consequences include stillbirths, abortions, congenital anomalies, endemic cretinism (mental deficiency, deaf mutism, spastic diplegia), and impaired cognitive function.
    • The term "goitre" inadequately represents the spectrum of iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the widespread impact of iodine deficiency disorders.
    • To advocate for the adoption of the term "iodine deficiency disorders" to improve understanding and application of knowledge.
    • To present feasible solutions for mass correction of iodine deficiency.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing data on the prevalence and impact of iodine deficiency.
    • Discussion of intervention strategies, specifically iodised salt and iodised oil.
    • Assessment of the feasibility and timeline for eradication.

    Main Results:

    • Iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) represent a significant global health burden.
    • Iodised salt and iodised oil are effective interventions for mass correction.
    • A single dose of iodised oil provides 3-5 years of correction, serving as an interim solution.

    Conclusions:

    • The term "iodine deficiency disorders" should be preferred over "goitre" for better public health messaging.
    • Mass iodization programs using iodised salt or oil are effective and feasible.
    • Complete eradication of iodine deficiency is achievable within 5-10 years with sustained implementation of these interventions.

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