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Incidence of childhood tuberculosis after neonatal BCG vaccination

H M Curtis, I Leck, F N Bamford

    Lancet (London, England)
    |January 21, 1984
    PubMed

    Insights

    Neonatal BCG vaccination significantly reduces tuberculosis risk in children. Routine vaccination at St Mary's Hospital showed a substantial decrease in tuberculosis incidence compared to selective vaccination practices.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Immunology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • BCG vaccination policies varied in Manchester hospitals.
    • Routine neonatal BCG was offered at St Mary's Hospital (SMH).
    • Selective BCG vaccination was practiced for specific ethnic groups and family histories at other hospitals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effectiveness of neonatal BCG vaccination in preventing tuberculosis.
    • To compare tuberculosis incidence rates based on vaccination practices and birthplace.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective cohort study of children born in Manchester between 1965-1980.
    • Analysis of tuberculosis cases (1975-1980) among children aged 0-14 years.
    • Comparison of incidence rates between children born at SMH and other hospitals.

    Main Results:

    • Overall tuberculosis incidence was less than half among children born at SMH.
    • Children born and vaccinated at SMH had a tuberculosis rate less than one-quarter of those born elsewhere.
    • Children with South Asian surnames also benefited from reduced tuberculosis risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Neonatal BCG vaccination is highly effective in preventing tuberculosis.
    • Routine neonatal BCG vaccination offers significant public health benefits.
    • Targeted vaccination strategies may not capture the full protective potential of BCG.

    Keywords:
    Age FactorsBacterial And Fungal DiseasesChildCultural BackgroundData AnalysisData CollectionDelivery Of Health CareDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesDiseasesEthnic GroupsEuropeEvaluationHealthHealth ServicesImmunizationIncidenceInfectionsMeasurementMedicineNorthern EuropePopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPreventive MedicinePrimary Health CareResearch MethodologyTuberculosis--prevention and controlUnited KingdomVaccinationYouth

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