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Bioassay of hormones.

G G Klee

    Human Pathology
    |February 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sensitive bioassays offer crucial hormone measurements when immunoassays fail. This review covers adenylate cyclase, cytochemical, and Nb2 lymphoma cell assays for parathyroid hormone (PTH), thyrotropin (TSH), and growth hormone, aiding patient diagnosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Hormone bioassays are vital for patients where immunoassay results conflict with clinical presentation.
    • Sensitive bioassays provide objective physiological status assessments in select clinical scenarios.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review three sensitive bioassay methods for hormone measurement.
    • To highlight the clinical utility of specific bioassays for parathyroid hormone (PTH), thyrotropin (TSH), and related hormones.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of bioassays based on adenylate cyclase stimulation in membrane preparations.
    • Review of bioassays utilizing cytochemical changes in fresh tissue segments.
    • Review of bioassays involving cell replication stimulation in Nb2 lymphoma cell cultures.

    Main Results:

    • Adenylate cyclase assays measure parathyroid hormone (PTH) using kidney membranes and thyrotropin (TSH)/thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) using thyroid membranes.
    • Cytochemical assays show promise for clinical PTH and TSH/TSI measurement using specific tissue preparations.
    • The Nb2 lactogenic assay detects biologically relevant concentrations of growth hormone, prolactin, and human placental lactogen.

    Conclusions:

    • Sensitive bioassays complement immunoassays, offering critical diagnostic insights for specific endocrine conditions.
    • The reviewed bioassays, particularly cytochemical and Nb2 methods, represent valuable tools for precise hormone level determination in clinical practice.

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