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Mutations in E coli cistrons affecting adhesion to human cells do not abolish Pap pili fiber formation

The EMBO Journal
|May 1, 1984
PubMed

Insights

Genetic studies of uropathogenic Escherichia coli revealed that Pap pili formation and binding to human cells can be genetically separated. This dissociation impacts mannose-resistant hemagglutination and uroepithelial cell adherence.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Genetics
  • Molecular Biology of Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) utilizes Pap (pili associated with pyelonephritis) pili for adherence to host cells.
  • Pap pili mediate mannose-resistant hemagglutination (MRHA) and binding to uroepithelial cells, crucial for urinary tract infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To genetically characterize the DNA fragment responsible for Pap pili formation, MRHA, and uroepithelial cell binding in UPEC strain J96.
  • To investigate the genetic basis for the dissociation of Pap pili formation and its functional properties (adherence and hemagglutination).

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and genetic study of a chromosomal DNA fragment from UPEC J96 mediating Pap pili functions.
  • Analysis of polypeptides expressed by the cloned Pap DNA, including gene mapping and transcriptional orientation.
  • Construction of lacZ-papA gene fusion to identify the promoter region.
  • Transposon Tn5 mutagenesis to identify genes essential for Pap pili formation and function.

Main Results:

  • Identified four cistrons (papB, papA, papC, papD) involved in Pap pili formation, with defined gene order and transcriptional orientation.
  • Demonstrated that mutations in these four cistrons significantly reduced or abolished Pap pili formation.
  • Discovered a distinct genetic region distal to papD where mutations allowed Pap pili formation but impaired MRHA and uroepithelial cell adherence, indicating a functional dissociation.

Conclusions:

  • Pap pili formation and their adhesive/hemagglutinative properties are controlled by distinct genetic elements within the Pap DNA.
  • The study provides evidence for the genetic dissociation of Pap pili assembly and their functional roles in bacterial pathogenesis.

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