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Related Experiment Videos

Electrically coupled pacemaker neurons respond differently to same physiological inputs and neurotransmitters.

E Marder, J S Eisen

    Journal of Neurophysiology
    |June 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    The pyloric dilator (PD) and anterior burster (AB) neurons in lobsters form a pacemaker. Despite electrical coupling, these neurons exhibit differential responses to neuronal inputs and neuromodulators like dopamine and serotonin.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Computational Neuroscience
    • Marine Biology

    Background:

    • The pyloric central pattern generator (CPG) in lobsters relies on the pyloric dilator (PD) and anterior burster (AB) neurons for its rhythmic output.
    • The AB neuron is an endogenous burster, while the PD neuron is a conditional burster, highlighting distinct intrinsic properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the differential effects of physiological inputs and neurotransmitters on isolated PD and AB neurons.
    • To elucidate the roles of specific neurons and neuromodulators in shaping the pyloric CPG activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the lucifer yellow photoinactivation technique to study isolated PD and AB neurons.
    • Applied physiological stimulation (inferior ventricular nerve) and neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, pilocarpine) to observe neuronal responses.

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    Main Results:

    • Inferior ventricular nerve stimulation elicits distinct triphasic responses, with slow-wave enhancement primarily mediated by PD neurons.
    • Dopamine differentially affects AB and PD neurons: increasing AB activity while inhibiting PD neurons.
    • Serotonin enhances AB neuron activity but has no effect on PD neurons; pilocarpine differentially affects slow-wave characteristics in both neurons.

    Conclusions:

    • Despite electrical coupling ensuring synchronous activity, PD and AB neurons exhibit independent modulation capabilities.
    • Differential neuronal and neuromodulatory inputs allow for independent regulation of PD and AB neurons within the pyloric CPG.