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Exercise-induced urinary abnormalities in long-distance runners.

P Gilli, E De Paoli Vitali, G Tataranni

    International Journal of Sports Medicine
    |October 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Urinary abnormalities are common in long-distance runners after exercise, often indicating temporary kidney issues. These changes, including proteinuria and altered enzyme activity, typically resolve within 48 hours.

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    Area of Science:

    • Exercise physiology
    • Nephrology
    • Sports medicine

    Background:

    • Endurance exercise, like long-distance running, can impose significant physiological stress.
    • Previous studies suggest potential renal effects of strenuous physical activity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and nature of urinary abnormalities in long-distance runners post-exercise.
    • To assess changes in renal function markers and hormonal activity following endurance events.

    Main Methods:

    • Microscopic examination of urine samples from 122 runners post-exercise.
    • Analysis of urine osmolarity, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity in 30 runners over 48 hours.
    • Measurement of plasma renin activity and aldosterone in 9 runners before and after a race.

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    Main Results:

    • 95% of runners exhibited urinary abnormalities, primarily proteinuria and microscopic hematuria.
    • Significant post-race decreases in urine osmolarity and increases in specific enzyme activities were observed.
    • Elevated plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels were noted after the race.

    Conclusions:

    • Urinary abnormalities are a frequent occurrence in long-distance runners after strenuous exercise.
    • These findings suggest transient renal dysfunction, likely due to hemodynamic changes affecting glomerular and tubular function.
    • Abnormalities were temporary, resolving within 24-36 hours post-exercise.