Development of a chemotherapeutic model for microfilaricidal drugs to Dirofilaria immitis

Microfilariae obtained from in vitro culture of adult Dirofilaria immitis were inoculated into naive dogs and used to test the in vivo efficacy of the antimicrofilarial drug Dizan. Injection of 33 million microfilariae into a 3-month-old male beagle pup over a 5-day period resulted in a microfilaremia that peaked at 863 microfilariae per ml on day 30. Treatment with Dizan resulted in a rapid clearance of microfilariae from the peripheral circulation. Four additional male beagle pups that were each given a total of 31 million microfilariae over 100 days maintained an average of 25 microfilariae per ml for 2 months. Microfilaremias were monitored by ELISA, a modified Knott's method and selected blood chemistry tests. It was shown that after residing in the peripheral circulation the microfilariae were able to develop into infective larvae in mosquitoes; therefore, the system may be a reasonable model of the natural microfilaremic state.