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Related Experiment Videos

Central and peripheral conduction times in multiple sclerosis.

A Eisen, K Odusote

    Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
    |March 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) effectively detect multiple sclerosis (MS) by identifying abnormalities in nerve signal conduction times. This diagnostic tool shows high sensitivity in patients with established or suspected MS, aiding in diagnosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurophysiology
    • Neurology
    • Diagnostic Electrophysiology

    Background:

    • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system.
    • Accurate and early diagnosis of MS is crucial for effective patient management.
    • Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) are non-invasive electrophysiological tests used to assess the integrity of somatosensory pathways.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of simultaneously recorded cervical and scalp SEPs in patients with suspected or established multiple sclerosis.
    • To assess the utility of thoracic SEPs in a subgroup of patients.
    • To determine the incidence of SEP abnormalities in different MS classifications.

    Main Methods:

    • Median nerve stimulation was used to record SEPs from the cervical spine (N14) and scalp (N20) in 25 normal subjects and 105 MS patients.

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  • Tibial nerve stimulation was employed to record SEPs from the thoracic spine (N21) and scalp (P40) in 25 normal subjects.
  • Analysis focused on latencies of specific SEP peaks and conduction times between recording sites.

    • Main Results:

    • In normal subjects, median nerve SEPs showed N14 latency of 13.7 ± 0.8 ms and N20 latency of 19.1 ± 0.9 ms.
    • The overall incidence of SEP abnormalities (N14, N20, or N20-N14 latency differences) was 68.6% in MS patients.
    • Abnormality rates were over 80% in definite/early probable MS, 68.2% in progressive spinal MS, and 40% in suspects; tibial nerve SEPs also showed abnormalities in MS suspects.

    Conclusions:

    • Simultaneous SEP recordings from the cervical spine and scalp are highly sensitive in detecting neurological deficits associated with multiple sclerosis.
    • SEP testing demonstrates significant utility in diagnosing and characterizing MS, particularly in definite and early probable cases.
    • The findings support the use of SEPs as a valuable diagnostic tool in the management of multiple sclerosis.