Phase I study using combination of hydroxyurea and 5-azacytidine (NSC-102816)

Thirteen patients were treated with a hydroxyurea -- 5-azacytidine combination in an attempt to show an increase in therapeutic efficacy of 5-azacytidine without increased bone marrow toxicity. Leukemic and nonleukemic patients were selected in order to compare the effect of a combination therapy on bone marrow. There was no clear-cut tumor response observed in evaluable patients. Overall activity of the combination, as judged by the onset of myelosuppression, appears to be higher than that of 5-azacytidine given alone.