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Vascular renin in hypertension.

J D Swales

    Hormone Research
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study suggests arterial wall renin, not plasma renin, is crucial for maintaining blood pressure. This finding has implications for understanding and treating hypertension.

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    Effect of aging on the prognostic significance of ambulatory systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure in essential hypertension.

    Circulation·2001

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Renal Physiology
    • Hypertension Research

    Background:

    • Plasma renin levels are elevated in some essential hypertension patients, but high renin hypertension isn't a distinct entity.
    • The role of the renin-angiotensin system in blood pressure regulation, particularly arterial wall renin, requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the hypothesis that renin activity within arterial and arteriolar walls, rather than plasma renin, maintains blood pressure.
    • To compare plasma renin concentrations with aortic renin activity in various physiological and pathological conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Simultaneous measurement of plasma renin concentrations and renin-like activity in rat aortic wall homogenates.
    • Experimental manipulation of salt balance (depletion and loading) and induction of Goldblatt 2-kidney hypertension in rats.
    • Assessment of blood pressure response to converting enzyme inhibition (Sq20881) after bilateral nephrectomy.

    Main Results:

    • Both plasma and aortic renin levels increased with salt depletion and decreased with salt loading in rats.
    • Elevated plasma and aortic renin were observed in Goldblatt 2-kidney hypertensive rats.
    • Blood pressure reduction following renin-angiotensin system blockade persisted for at least 6 hours post-nephrectomy, indicating sustained arterial renin activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Renin present in the arterial and arteriolar walls plays a significant role in blood pressure maintenance.
    • Plasma renin levels may not solely dictate blood pressure regulation, especially in conditions like essential hypertension where arterial renin is closely related.
    • These findings challenge the traditional view and highlight the importance of local renin activity in cardiovascular homeostasis.

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