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Related Experiment Videos

Induction of histamine secretion by polycations.

J C Foreman, L M Lichtenstein

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |May 22, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Positively charged poly(amino acids) like poly(arginine) trigger histamine release from human basophils. This process requires calcium and is modulated by various inhibitors, suggesting a distinct pathway from IgE-mediated release.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Basophil leukocytes are key immune cells involved in allergic reactions and inflammatory responses.
    • Histamine release from basophils is a critical event in these processes, mediated by various stimuli.
    • The specific mechanisms underlying non-IgE-mediated histamine release are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the ability of positively charged poly(amino acids) to induce histamine secretion from human basophils.
    • To elucidate the ionic requirements and inhibitory factors involved in poly(amino acid)-induced histamine release.
    • To compare the poly(amino acid)-mediated pathway with the well-established IgE-mediated histamine release.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubation of human basophil leukocytes with varying concentrations of poly(arginine), poly(lysine), and poly(ornithine).
    • Assessment of histamine secretion using biochemical assays.
    • Investigation of the effects of extracellular cations (calcium, strontium), inhibitors (lanthanum, N-ethyl-maleimide, 2-deoxy-D-glucose), and cellular treatments (heat, neuraminidase, heparin) on histamine release.

    Main Results:

    • Poly(arginine), poly(lysine), and poly(ornithine) induced histamine secretion in a concentration-dependent manner (1-100 nmol/l).
    • Extracellular calcium was essential for poly(arginine)-induced histamine release, with strontium showing partial substitution. Lanthanum inhibited the release.
    • Several inhibitors, including N-ethyl-maleimide, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, cyclic AMP analogs, heat pretreatment, neuraminidase, and heparin, modulated the response, indicating a complex cellular mechanism distinct from IgE-mediated release.

    Conclusions:

    • Positively charged poly(amino acids) are potent inducers of histamine secretion from human basophils.
    • The mechanism of poly(amino acid)-induced histamine release involves extracellular calcium and is sensitive to various metabolic and enzymatic modulations.
    • This pathway appears to be independent of the classical IgE-mediated histamine release mechanism.

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