[Retardation of psychomotor development in children during the first year of life]
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This study differentiates between benign and specific psychomotor development retardation in infants. Benign retardation involves delayed maturation, while specific retardation indicates brain damage and neurological syndromes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Neurology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Psychomotor development retardation is a significant concern in early childhood.
- Differentiating between types of retardation is crucial for appropriate intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To differentiate between benign nonspecific and specific psychomotor development retardation in infants.
- To describe the characteristics and neurological manifestations of each type.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal observation of 1680 children during their first year of life.
- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of psychomotor development patterns.
- Clinical assessment for neurological syndromes.
Main Results:
- Two distinct variants of psychomotor retardation were identified: benign nonspecific and specific.
- Benign nonspecific retardation is characterized by delayed maturation without brain damage.
- Specific retardation results from brain structure damage, manifesting in neurological syndromes.
Conclusions:
- A clear distinction between benign and specific psychomotor retardation is essential for accurate diagnosis.
- Understanding the underlying causes (delayed maturation vs. brain damage) guides treatment strategies.
- Neurological syndromes are key indicators of specific psychomotor retardation in infants.
Abstract:
Many-year observations of 1680 children with retarded psychomotor development during the first year of life suggest that qualitative and quantitative differentiation of the development retardation should be made. Two variants of psychomotor development retardation in children of the first year of life are distinguished: a benign nonspecific, and a specific one. In the former case, the retardation is not due to a specific damage to the brain or its dysfunction, i. e. at the basis of this retardation there lie a delayed maturation of the brain structures and a slower development of their functions without qualitative changes in the nervous system. The specific retardation is always due to a damage to the brain structures and their functions. In this variant there is a dysfunction of the brain which manifests in various neurological syndromes. The authors explain the peculiarities of the nonspecific and specific retardation at various age periods, give examples of the differentiation of the specific retardation with regard to its gravity, and describe the principal neurological syndromes characterizing this retardation.