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Neuroendocrinology and brain peptides.

P E Cooper, J B Martin

Annals of Neurology

|December 1, 1980

Summary

Central nervous system peptides, like substance P and opioid peptides, are crucial in pain pathways and other functions. Further research is needed to understand their complex roles and interactions in neurological diseases.

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Area of Science:

Neurobiology
Neuropharmacology

Background:

Over thirty low-molecular-weight peptides are found in selective neuron pathways within the central nervous system.
These peptides have demonstrated roles in pain, circulation, appetite, and memory.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the implications of peptide distribution and function in neurobiology.
To address the need for further understanding of peptide mechanisms and interactions.

Main Methods:

Review of existing neuropharmacological, behavioral, and electrophysiological data.
Analysis of evidence implicating specific peptides in various physiological processes.

Main Results:

Peptides like substance P and opioid peptides are key in spinal cord pain pathways.
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, cholecystokinin, vasopressin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone are implicated in circulation, appetite, and memory, respectively.
Evidence suggests peptides coexist with neurotransmitters in neurons, challenging the "one neuron, one neurotransmitter" hypothesis.

Conclusions:

Peptide research opens new avenues in neurobiology and has clinical implications.
Significant questions remain regarding peptide biosynthesis, release, receptor interactions, and termination of effects.
Understanding peptide roles and abnormalities is vital for addressing neurological diseases.

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