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Natural interferon-producing cells in mice.

Y Ito, H Aoki, Y Kimura

    Infection and Immunity
    |February 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Untreated mouse lymphoid cells spontaneously produce type I interferon, forming protected foci against viral infection. These natural interferon-producing cells (NIPC) are Ia-negative macrophages, crucial for innate immunity.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Virology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Mouse lymphoid cells can protect target cells from viral infection.
    • The mechanism behind this protective effect, particularly spontaneous interferon production, requires elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and characterize the cells responsible for spontaneous interferon production and protection against viral infection in mice.

    Main Methods:

    • Cocultivation of mouse lymphoid cells with L-cell monolayers.
    • Overlay with soft agar and incubation.
    • Assessment of protected foci formation against vesicular stomatitis virus.
    • Inhibition studies using cycloheximide and anti-interferon (type I) antiserum.
    • Cell surface marker analysis (Thy-1, immunoglobulin, Ia antigen) and characterization of glass-adherent fractions.

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    Main Results:

    • Mouse lymphoid cells formed protected foci on L-cell monolayers, indicating antiviral activity.
    • Protected foci formation was suppressed by cycloheximide and significantly reduced by anti-interferon (type I) antiserum, implicating type I interferon.
    • These focus-forming cells, termed natural interferon-producing cells (NIPC), were identified as glass-adherent, Ia-negative cells, potentially macrophages.
    • NIPC were present in athymic nude mice and germfree mice, suggesting a role in innate immunity independent of adaptive immune responses.

    Conclusions:

    • Natural interferon-producing cells (NIPC) are a major source of spontaneous type I interferon production in mouse lymphoid cells.
    • NIPC are likely Ia-negative macrophages contributing to the innate immune defense against viral infections.
    • These findings highlight a previously uncharacterized cellular component of the innate immune system responsible for constitutive interferon production.