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Decrease of the lymphoproliferative response to varicella-zoster virus antigen in the aged.

R Berger, G Florent, M Just

    Infection and Immunity
    |April 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Immune responses to varicella-zoster virus differ in the elderly. While most older adults have antibodies, many lack cellular immunity, increasing herpes zoster risk.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Virology
    • Gerontology

    Background:

    • Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and shingles.
    • Immune responses, including humoral antibodies and cellular immunity, are crucial for VZV control.
    • Age-related immune decline may affect VZV-specific immunity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare VZV-specific humoral and cellular immune responses across different age groups.
    • To investigate immune discrepancies in elderly individuals regarding VZV.
    • To identify potential risk factors for herpes zoster in the elderly.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of VZV-specific humoral antibodies.
    • Assessment of VZV-specific cellular immune response using the lymphocyte transformation test.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of immune parameters in children, young adults, and individuals over 60.
  • Evaluation of mitogen-induced lymphoproliferative response.

    • Main Results:

    • In children and young adults, humoral and cellular VZV immunity generally correlated.
    • In individuals over 60, a significant discrepancy was observed: 90% had antibodies, but only 64% showed cellular immunity.
    • No correlation was found between VZV antigen-specific response magnitude and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphoproliferation.
    • Approximately one-third of elderly subjects lacked a measurable VZV-specific cellular immune response.

    Conclusions:

    • Elderly individuals may exhibit a disconnect between humoral and cellular immunity to VZV.
    • A diminished cellular immune response to VZV in the elderly could indicate a higher risk for developing herpes zoster.
    • Monitoring cellular immunity may be important for assessing VZV protection in aging populations.