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Direct proof of autoreactive T-lymphocytes in experimental allergical encephalomyelitis (EAE)
Acta Neuropathologica. Supplementum
|January 1, 1981
Summary
A novel microcytotoxicity assay detects myelin basic protein-specific cytotoxic T cells. This assay, crucial for studying demyelinating diseases, shows MHC restriction and significant lysis of target cells.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Cellular immunology
- Assay development
Background:
- Cytotoxic T cells play a role in autoimmune demyelinating diseases.
- A direct assay to detect myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific cytotoxic T cells is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a microcytotoxicity assay for MBP-directed cytotoxic T cells.
- To assess the utility of this assay for studying human demyelinating diseases.
Main Methods:
- Spleen and lymph node cells from MBP-immunized guinea pigs were restimulated in vitro.
- Autologous spleen cells were coated with MBP, labeled with 51Cr, and used as target cells.
- Cell-mediated lysis was measured using a standard chromium release assay.
Main Results:
- A concentration-dependent lysis of MBP-coated target cells was observed.
- Lysis was specific for MBP-directed cytotoxic T cells and MHC-restricted.
- Controls with non-specific stimulation or non-coated targets showed no significant lysis.
Conclusions:
- A sensitive and specific microcytotoxicity assay for MBP-directed cytotoxic T cells has been established.
- This assay can be a valuable tool for investigating the pathogenesis of human demyelinating diseases.