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Periodic surface array in Caulobacter crescentus: fine structure and chemical analysis.

J Smit, D A Grano, R M Glaeser

Journal of Bacteriology

|June 1, 1981

Summary

Researchers discovered a complex, periodic array structure on Caulobacter crescentus CB15 cell surfaces. This bacterial surface array, composed of multiple proteins, sheds from cells and offers insights into cell envelope biogenesis and development.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Structural Biology
Cell Biology

Background:

Caulobacter crescentus CB15 possesses a cell envelope with a previously uncharacterized periodic array structure.
Bacterial surface arrays are typically composed of a single protein, but their composition in Caulobacter was unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the structure and composition of the periodic array on the Caulobacter crescentus CB15 cell surface.
To investigate the protein components and structural organization of this novel bacterial surface array.

Main Methods:

Electron microscopy techniques including negative staining, thin-sectioning, and freeze-etching were employed.
Optical diffraction and computer processing of micrographs were used to analyze the array's structure and order.

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Gel electrophoresis was performed to identify the protein components of the isolated array.

Main Results:

A highly ordered, hexagonal periodic array structure was identified on the cell surface.
The array is shed from cells at high density and can be isolated as large pieces.
Gel electrophoresis revealed multiple polypeptides, suggesting a multi-protein composition, unlike typical single-protein arrays.
The array exhibits widely spaced repeating units with complex connecting elements.

Conclusions:

The Caulobacter surface array is a complex, multi-protein structure with unique characteristics.
Its composition and structure raise questions about its biogenesis and role in Caulobacter cell development.
Further research is needed to elucidate the specific functions of the different protein components.