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A new hemoglobin beta chain variant in sheep.

M E John, M John

    Animal Blood Groups and Biochemical Genetics
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel hemoglobin variant, Hb-E, was identified in Indian sheep. This beta chain variant is distinct from Hb-B and suggests allelic variation in sheep hemoglobin genetics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Animal genetics
    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular biology

    Background:

    • Hemoglobin variants influence oxygen transport and can be indicators of genetic diversity in animal populations.
    • Previous studies have characterized hemoglobin types in various sheep breeds, but a comprehensive analysis of beta chain variants in Indian breeds was lacking.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and characterize novel hemoglobin beta chain variants in Indian sheep breeds.
    • To determine the allelic nature and gene frequencies of observed hemoglobin beta chain variants.

    Main Methods:

    • Electrophoresis (urea-polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis) and chromatography (urea CM-cellulose chromatography) were employed for polypeptide chain separation.
    • Comparative analysis of electrophoretic and chromatographic mobility of beta chains was performed at alkaline pH.
    • Adult sheep hemoglobins were classified based on subunit composition, and gene frequencies were calculated.

    Main Results:

    • A new hemoglobin beta chain variant, designated Hb-E, was discovered in four Indian sheep breeds.
    • Hb-E is electrophoretically and chromatographically distinct from Hemoglobin B (Hb-B), with the betaE chain exhibiting slower anodic mobility.
    • Eight adult sheep hemoglobin categories (AA, AB, AE, AC, ABC, BB, BE, EE) were identified based on subunit composition.
    • Gene frequencies for the three observed beta chain alleles were determined: A = 0.192, B = 0.682, and E = 0.126.

    Conclusions:

    • The Hb-E variant, found in homozygous or heterozygous states with betaA or betaB, suggests it is an allelic variant of the sheep hemoglobin beta chain.
    • The identification of Hb-E contributes to understanding the genetic diversity of hemoglobin in Indian sheep populations.
    • This study provides foundational data on hemoglobin beta chain allele frequencies in Indian sheep, relevant for breeding and genetic research.

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