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Experimental papilledema produced by cyclocryotherapy.

D S Minckler, M O Tso

    American Journal of Ophthalmology
    |October 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cyclocryotherapy effectively lowered intraocular pressure, causing optic disc swelling (papilledema) in monkeys. This swelling mimicked that from increased intracranial pressure, suggesting axoplasmic transport issues.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Cyclocryotherapy is used to treat certain eye conditions.
    • Papilledema, or optic disc swelling, can result from increased intracranial pressure.
    • The precise mechanisms underlying papilledema, particularly in response to altered intraocular pressure, require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of cyclocryotherapy on intraocular pressure and optic disc morphology in rhesus monkeys.
    • To compare the histological and ultrastructural changes in cyclocryotherapy-induced papilledema with those caused by increased intracranial pressure.
    • To explore the potential role of axoplasmic transport in the pathogenesis of optic disc swelling.

    Main Methods:

    • Cyclocryotherapy was applied to rhesus monkeys to induce prolonged decreased intraocular pressure.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Histological examination of optic nerve heads was performed.
  • Electron microscopy was utilized to observe ultrastructural changes in the optic disc.

    • Main Results:

    • Cyclocryotherapy reliably produced prolonged decreased intraocular pressure and papilledema in rhesus monkeys.
    • Histologic changes in papilledema due to decreased intraocular pressure were indistinguishable from those caused by increased intracranial pressure.
    • Electron microscopy revealed axonal swelling and mitochondrial accumulation within swollen axons in the optic disc.

    Conclusions:

    • Cyclocryotherapy is a viable method for inducing experimental papilledema.
    • Optic disc swelling from decreased intraocular pressure shares histological similarities with that from increased intracranial pressure.
    • Ultrastructural findings suggest that alterations in axoplasmic transport are implicated in the pathogenesis of optic disc swelling.