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Developmental expression of murine extra-embryonic endodermal cytoskeletal proteins.

R G Oshima

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |April 10, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel cytoskeletal protein, Endo A, is identified in mouse extra-embryonic endodermal cells. This protein serves as a valuable marker for differentiating embryonal carcinoma cells into extra-embryonic endoderm.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Murine extra-embryonic endodermal cells are crucial for early development.
    • Cytoskeletal proteins play vital roles in cell structure and differentiation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and characterize a novel cytoskeletal protein in extra-embryonic endodermal cells.
    • To investigate the potential of this protein as a differentiation marker.

    Main Methods:

    • Immunoprecipitation of cytoskeletal proteins from various murine cell lines.
    • Analysis using [35S]methionine and [32P]orthophosphate labeling.
    • Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and Western blotting.
    • Monoclonal antibody characterization.

    Main Results:

    • A Mr = 55,000 cytoskeletal protein, designated Endo A, was identified in parietal endodermal, visceral endodermal, and fetal hepatoma cell lines.
    • Endo A was not detected in fibroblasts, myoblasts, erythroleukemic cells, neuroblastoma cells, keratinocytes, or embryonal carcinoma cells.
    • Retinoic acid-induced differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells led to increased Endo A synthesis.
    • Endo A is distinct from vimentin and keratin proteins and exists in multiple phosphorylated forms, primarily on serine residues.
    • Endo A is recognized by an antibody against trophoblast cytoskeletons.

    Conclusions:

    • Endo A is a unique cytoskeletal protein specific to murine extra-embryonic endoderm.
    • Endo A is a reliable marker for the differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells into extra-embryonic endoderm.
    • Endo A's distinct nature and phosphorylation status provide insights into cytoskeletal regulation during differentiation.

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