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Related Experiment Videos

Blood elastolytic activity in patients with aortic aneurysm.

D J Cannon, R C Read

    The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
    |July 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms who smoke show increased elastolytic activity and reduced antiproteolytic capacity. This suggests an imbalance in protease homeostasis contributes to aneurysm development in smokers.

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    Area of Science:

    • Vascular Surgery
    • Cardiovascular Research
    • Atherosclerosis Studies

    Background:

    • Severe atherosclerosis of the abdominal aorta can lead to either Leriche's syndrome (aortic obstruction) or abdominal aortic aneurysm.
    • The underlying reasons for these divergent outcomes in patients with similar risk factors, such as smoking, remain unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the factors differentiating the development of Leriche's syndrome versus abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients with severe abdominal aortic atherosclerosis.
    • To explore the role of proteolytic and antiproteolytic activity in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm in smokers.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of 335 patients with Leriche's syndrome and 103 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm.
    • Assessment of clinical characteristics including age, height, weight, mortality, and operative treatment.
    • Measurement of circulating serum elastolytic activity, leukocytic granular elastolytic activity, and serum antiproteolytic capacity in patient groups, particularly smokers.

    Main Results:

    • Significant differences in demographic and clinical factors were observed between the Leriche's syndrome and abdominal aortic aneurysm groups.
    • Smokers with abdominal aortic aneurysm exhibited significantly elevated serum and leukocytic elastolytic activity.
    • Smokers with abdominal aortic aneurysm also demonstrated reduced serum antiproteolytic capacity compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Abnormal protease-antiprotease homeostasis, characterized by increased elastolytic activity and decreased antiproteolytic capacity, is associated with the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm in smokers.
    • These findings highlight a potential mechanism linking smoking, protease imbalance, and aneurysm formation in the abdominal aorta.

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